{"id":5357,"date":"2021-08-30T21:01:00","date_gmt":"2021-08-30T13:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.madewill.com\/?p=5357"},"modified":"2022-02-14T19:40:11","modified_gmt":"2022-02-14T11:40:11","slug":"second-order-thinking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.madewill.com\/thinking-model\/second-order-thinking.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e8c\u9636\u601d\u7ef4Second-Order Thinking\u2014\u2014\u8ba9\u4f60\u8131\u9896\u800c\u51fa\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u7ba1\u522b\u4eba\u5bf9\u4f60\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u4f60\u603b\u8981\u95ee\uff1a\u201c\u7136\u540e\u5462\uff1f\u201d \u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u51e0\u4e4e\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u9886\u57df\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u5e38\u95ee\uff1a\u201c\u7136\u540e\u5462\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2014\u2014\u6c83\u4f26.\u5df4\u83f2\u7279<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e8c\u9636\u601d\u7ef4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u601d\u8003\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e8b\u60c5\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u50cf\u5b83\u4eec\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u4e0d\u7ecf\u610f\u95f4\u9020\u6210\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u7cdf\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u505a\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e8c\u9636\u601d\u7ef4<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5ba1\u89c6\u51b3\u7b56\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u957f\u671f\u540e\u679c\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6700\u597d\u7528\u7f3a\u9677\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7ed9\u7272\u755c\u5582\u98df\u6297\u751f\u7d20\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u8089\u7c7b\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u66f4\u4fbf\u5b9c\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u521b\u9020\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u65e0\u6cd5\u62b5\u5fa1\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u7ec6\u83cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba9\u8089\u7c7b\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u57f9\u517b\u4e86\u4e00\u652f\u5371\u9669\u7684\u3001\u5177\u6709\u6297\u836f\u6027\u7684\u7ec6\u83cc\u5927\u519b\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u83cc\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u98df\u7269\u94fe\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e8c\u9636\u6548\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5f53\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u751f\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u8fdb\u5316\u548c\u9002\u5e94<\/strong>\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd0\u7528\u4e8c\u9636\u601d\u7ef4<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u524d\u907f\u514d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e8c\u9636\u601d\u7ef4<\/strong>\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6982\u5ff5\u6e90\u81ea\u4e8e\u970d\u534e\u5fb7\u00b7\u9a6c\u514b\u65af\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u601d\u7ef4\uff08 second-level thinking\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u6295\u8d44\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u300b\u4e2d\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u5230\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u66f4\u50cf\u4e00\u95e8\u827a\u672f\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u51c6\u6295\u8d44\u8005\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u8d22\u52a1\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u8bdd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6295\u8d44\u524d\u8f88\u7684\u6307\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u7ef4\u6301\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u975e\u51e1\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u3001\u76f4\u89c9\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u610f\u8bc6\u3002\u60f3\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u70b9\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c42\u601d\u7ef4\u201d\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e00\u9636\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u5bfb\u627e\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6216\u5373\u4f7f\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u4f30\u8ba1\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8003\u8651\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6216\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u9636\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u4e8c\u9636\u601d\u7ef4\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6df1\u5165\u601d\u8003\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u505c\u7559\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u8868\u9762\uff0c\u987a\u4ece\u4eba\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u601d\u8003\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u603b\u662f\u591a\u601d\u8003\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u52a8\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u679c\u90fd\u6709\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u540e\u679c\u5c31\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e8c\u9636\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u4e8c\u9636\u601d\u7ef4\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u770b\u5f85\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8003\u8651\u66f4\u957f\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u5e73\u65f6\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u9636\u601d\u7ef4\u6765\u770b\u5f85\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\uff0c\u770b\u95ee\u9898\u53ea\u505c\u7559\u5728\u8868\u9762\u3002\u800c\u4eba\u6027\u5f80\u5f80\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u5927\u540c\u5c0f\u5f02\u7684\u3002\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u975e\u540c\u51e1\u54cd\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u5fc5\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u4f9d\u9760\u4e00\u9636\u601d\u7ef4\u505a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ece\u4e8c\u9636\uff0c\u4e09\u9636\uff0c\u751a\u81f3N\u9636\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u505a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u505a\u5f97\u518d\u597d\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8d85\u8d8a\u4ed6\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u505a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5149\u505a\u4e0d\u540c\u662f\u6ca1\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u505a\u6b63\u786e\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u505a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u800c\u4e8c\u9636\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4f60\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4ea7\u751f\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u4f60\u6709\u4e0e\u4f17\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8fd9\u79cd\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u80fd\u4e3a\u4f60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6709\u4ee3\u4ef7\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u773c\u91cc\u53d8\u6210\u767d\u75f4\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u4e8c\u9636\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u5fc5\u7ecf\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u80fd\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u7cd7\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5f88\u96be\u8d85\u8d8a\u522b\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u9636\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4e8c\u9636\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
1.\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u505a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4e8b<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n