01\u4f4e\u8c03\u7684\u4f20\u5947\uff1a\u4e00\u5c0a\u4ee4\u4eba\u4ef0\u671b\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u4e30\u7891<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n1928\u5e741\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u9a6c\u5947\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u4fc4\u4ea5\u4fc4\u5dde\u7684\u514b\u5229\u592b\u5170\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5728\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u5dde\u957f\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5b69\u63d0\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u9a6c\u5947\u6210\u957f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5144\u5f1f\u59d0\u59b9\u90fd\u5f88\u806a\u660e\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u3002\u4ece\u5c0f\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u6559\u80b2\u4e00\u5bb6\u5144\u59b9\u300c\u4e0d\u8981\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e3a\u9ad8\u4eba\u4e00\u7b49\u300d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u9a6c\u5947\u94ed\u8bb0\u5728\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e\u6b64\u540e\u8df5\u884c\u4e8e\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u6559\u4e66\u80b2\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1949\u5e74\uff0c21\u5c81\u7684\u9a6c\u5947\u5728\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u5927\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u6587\u5b66\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e74\uff0c\u987a\u5229\u53d6\u5f97\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u7855\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1953\u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u5947\u83b7\u5f97\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u524d\u5f80\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u6885\u9686\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u9a6c\u5947\u4e0e\u77e5\u540d\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u51b3\u7b56\u7406\u8bba\u5927\u5e08\u8d6b\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u897f\u8499\uff08Herbert A.Simon\uff0c1916\uff5e2001\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u4f4d\u7ba1\u7406\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\uff09\u7ed3\u4e0b\u4e86\u6df1\u539a\u53cb\u8c0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1958\u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u5947\u4e0e\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u5929\u624d\uff0c\u56fe\u7075\u5956\u4e0e\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5956\u53cc\u5f97\u4e3b\u897f\u8499\u5408\u8457\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300b\uff08Organizations\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51b3\u7b56\u7406\u8bba\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u5927\u5e08\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u4e5f\u662f\u9a6c\u5947\u548c\u897f\u8499\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u5408\u8457\u3002\u300a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u7684\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5ba3\u544a\u4e86\u300c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u5907\u53d7\u5173\u6ce8\u548c\u5f15\u8ff0\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ba1\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u4e4b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1963\u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u5947\u6559\u6388\u4e0e\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u897f\u5c14\u7279\u5408\u8457\u300a\u4f01\u4e1a\u884c\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\u300b\uff08A Behavioral Theory of the Firm\uff09\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u8fc5\u901f\u5f15\u53d1\u5b66\u754c\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u88ab\u5949\u4e3a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u9a6c\u5947\u667a\u6167<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n1964\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u79bb\u5f00\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u6885\u9686\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6269\u5c55\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1970\u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u5947\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\uff08Stanford University\uff09\u4efb\u6559\uff0c\u76f4\u52301995\u5e74\u8363\u8a89\u9000\u4f11\u3002 \u5728\u65af\u5766\u798f\u6267\u6559\u768425\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u9a6c\u5947\u4e0d\u4ec5\u62c5\u4efb\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u8fd8\u517c\u4efb\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u662f\u540d\u526f\u5176\u5b9e\u7684\u300c\u591a\u9886\u57df\u5927\u5e08\u300d\uff08professor of everything \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1972\u5e74\uff0c\u9a6c\u5947\u4e0e\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7\u79d1\u6069\u3001\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5965\u5c14\u68ee\u63d0\u51fa\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u5783\u573e\u6876\u51b3\u7b56\u6a21\u578b\u201d\uff08The Garbage Can Model\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6a21\u578b\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u4e0d\u7ba1\u95ee\u9898\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4f55\u65f6\u4f55\u5730\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u6765\u5b9e\u65bd\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e9\u5df2\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n1984\u5e74\uff0c\u56e0\u5bf9\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u7a81\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u9a6c\u5947\u6559\u6388\u83b7\u5f97\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u5956\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1994\u5e74\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd1\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u601d\u8003\u548c\u915d\u917f\uff0c\u9a6c\u5947\u5148\u751f\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u51b3\u7b56\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u4ece\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6df1\u523b\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e0e\u897f\u8499\u5960\u57fa\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u300c\u6709\u9650\u7406\u6027\u300d\u6d41\u6d3e\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4eca\u65e5\u884c\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3a\u4e66\u4e2d\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4f50\u4ee5\u5927\u91cf\u8da3\u5473\u751f\u52a8\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u65e2\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\uff0c\u53c8\u4e3a\u52e4\u4e8e\u601d\u8003\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u5e26\u53bb\u65e0\u5c3d\u7684\u542f\u8fea\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1995\u5e74\uff0c67\u5c81\u7684\u9a6c\u5947\u6559\u6388\u5728\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u5149\u8363\u9000\u4f11\uff0c\u56e0\u5176\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u6c83\u5c14\u7279\u5956\u3002\u56db\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u518d\u6b21\u83b7\u9881\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\u6770\u51fa\u5b66\u8005\u5956\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2005\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u8bba\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u300b\uff08On Leadership\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6e90\u4e8e\u9a6c\u5947\u5728\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u5546\u5b66\u9662\u5f00\u8bbe\u4e8615\u5e74\u7684”\u7ec4\u7ec7\u9886\u5bfc\u529b”\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u80dc\u4efb\u529b\u3001\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027\u3001\u8ba4\u540c\u611f\u3001\u534f\u8c03\u529b<\/strong>\u662f\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u7684\u56db\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u5927\u5e08\u9a6c\u5947<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c45\u8981\u804c\u9ad8\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u53d1\u6325\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u53d8\u9769\u4e0e\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9a6c\u5947\u66fe\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u6545\u4e8b\u3001\u884c\u52a8<\/strong>\u4e09\u8005\u3002\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u4e0a\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u662f\u5178\u8303\uff1b\u5728\u6545\u4e8b\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u5bb6\u662f\u5178\u8303\uff1b\u5728\u884c\u52a8\u4e0a\uff0c\u521b\u4e1a\u8005\u662f\u5178\u8303\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u667a\u8005\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u6545\u4e8b\u3001\u884c\u52a8\u4e09\u8005\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u6770\u51fa\u6210\u5c31\uff1f\u4e00\u4f4d\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u597d\u7684\u8bd7\u4eba\uff1b\u4e00\u4f4d\u8bd7\u4eba\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u5f71\u54cd\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u591a\u6570\u667a\u8005\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u5355\u4e00\u7ef4\u5ea6\u80dc\u51fa\u3002\u800c\u9a6c\u5947\u77e5\u884c\u5408\u4e00\u505a\u5230\u4e86\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u7684\u80dc\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9a6c\u5947\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4ed6\u6e0a\u535a\u7684\u5b66\u8bc6\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4ed6\u90a3\u7280\u5229\u72ec\u5230\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u7279\u7acb\u72ec\u884c\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u90a3\u5e7d\u9ed8\u673a\u667a\u7684\u8c08\u5410\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ece\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u53cb\u4eba\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u4f8b\u884c\u6559\u5e08\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4f01\u4e1a\u5174\u8870\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c\u6797\u6797\u603b\u603b\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4e00\u7ecf\u4ed6\u7684\u76ee\u5149\u5ba1\u89c6\uff0c\u4fbf\u6709\u7740\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u3001\u8d85\u51e1\u8131\u4fd7\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u6d1e\u89c1\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u8033\u76ee\u4e00\u65b0\uff0c\u56de\u5473\u65e0\u7a77\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ece\u9a6c\u5947\u7684\u773c\u775b\u91cc\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u9a6c\u5947\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u5947\u5999\u7cbe\u5f69\u7684\u9a6c\u5947\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u4f17\u591a\u5b66\u672f\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9a6c\u5947\u59cb\u7ec8\u4e3b\u5f20\u5b66\u672f\u8981\u9762\u5411\u5b66\u672f\uff0c\u9762\u5411\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u624d\u63d0\u51fa\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u6709\u8bf4\u670d\u529b\u548c\u751f\u547d\u529b\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5982\u5783\u573e\u6876\u51b3\u7b56\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u8db3\u7403\u573a\u51b3\u7b56\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u771f\u6b63\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u5b66\u672f\u4e0e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u76f8\u4fe1\u5b66\u672f\u6e90\u4e8e\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u9ad8\u4e8e\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u6307\u5bfc\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\u4e5f\u6b63\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9a6c\u5947\u624d\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u4eba\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u5e08\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
James G. March, 1928\u20132018. Courtesy of Stanford GSB<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n02\u5728\u65af\u5766\u798f\u8bb2\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u7684\u8bd7\u4eba<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u5728\u8f89\u714c\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6210\u5c31\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u9a6c\u5947\u70ed\u8877\u4e8e\u5199\u8bd7\uff0c\u5e76\u66fe\u5148\u540e\u51fa\u7248\u8fc79\u672c\u8bd7\u96c6\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6781\u5177\u6d6a\u6f2b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u8bd7\u4eba\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u8bd7\u6b4c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5bfc\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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